В качестве основных направлений своей деятельности группа АЧК-Иркутск рассматривает следующие:
- Сбор средств для оказания необходимой помощи нашим товарищкам и товарищам, а также тем, кто пострадал из-за своей протестной позиции против российского государства
- Распространение информации о преследованиях – как в России, так и за рубежом
- Материальная и моральная поддержка заключённых анархистов и анархисток, а также других людей, нуждающихся в нашей поддержке – отправка посылок и передач, переписка; помощь тем, кто уже отбыл наказание, помощь активистам и активисткам по оплате штрафов
- Проведение тренингов и семинаров, ориентированных на подготовку участниц и участников анархического движения к ситуациям столкновения с законом (арест, допрос и т.д.), а также на рост уровня информационной безопасности в протестном движении и его устойчивость перед репрессиями
- Организация и проведение акций солидарности
- Материальное обеспечение анархистского движения
Солидарность, о которой мы говорим здесь так много, нужна не только «им» — тем, кого уже заграбастала «длинная рука закона» за то, что они верили в . Эта солидарность нужна нам самим, ведь она — наше главное оружие . Государства и полиция хотят увековечить тюрьмы, но в еще большей степени их увековечивает наше безразличие, наш страх. Победим их в себе, в своем движении, чтобы завтра победить их повсюду.
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History of the Anarchist Black Cross
The ABC was first established in tsarist Russia in the early 20th century to help revolutionary socialists and anarchists who were imprisoned and exiled because of their struggle.
Their comrades decided to organize material support for the convicts. This Political Red Cross split when Social Democrat representatives began to favor the support of those prisoners closest to them, and the Anarchist Red Cross was created to provide support to all socialist-revolutionaries regardless of their ideological affiliation.
By 1907, the international Red Cross Movement had spread throughout Russia, Europe, and the States. In addition, some Russians who had escaped persecution continued to help their exiled comrades from abroad.
With the fall of the empire and the ensuing amnesty of political prisoners in 1917, the Red Cross as it was, disappeared, but with the strengthening of the Bolsheviks and increased repression, anarchists returned to the practice of supporting prisoners. Later the group changed its name to remove associations with the international humanitarian Red Cross Society.
After the February Revolution, the question of the organization of the Black Cross was raised for the first time at a conference of 17 southern Russian towns in July 1917, because of the repression of the anarchists by the Provisional Government; the conference recommended the restoration of the ABC. The All-Russian Black Cross was created by the end of 1918 under the Secretariat of the «All-Russian Federation of Anarchist-Communists» on the initiative of its chairman A. Karelin. This structure consisted of the Black Cross groups, which already existed in Moscow, Petrograd and some other Russian cities; later branches of the Black Cross existed in Kharkov, Odessa. After the Bolshevik seizure of power and subsequent repression, the anarchist movement moved the offices of the ABC to Berlin and continued to provide assistance to prisoners of the new, Bolshevik regime, as well as victims of Italian fascism and others.
The Black Cross dissolved during the depression of the 1930s because of the high demand for support and declining financial aid.
In the late 1960s, however, the organization was reorganized in England, where at first the ABC was involved in helping prisoners of the Spanish resistance who had survived the Civil War and fought against the dictator Franco. The North American section began its work in the early 1980s.
Today, the network of Anarchist Black Cross groups has expanded and is active all over the world. The ABC groups maintain mutual communication and cooperation with other groups internationally.
History of the ABC in Irkutsk
The Anarchist Black Cross group in Irkutsk is the result of the self-organization of anarchists, united by the common goal of supporting those who are subjected to state repression because of their activities. We believe that the development of solidarity and mutual assistance is one of the most important directions in our struggle for a freer society.
The government and its laws have never and will never protect people who pose a threat to the regime — only we ourselves can do so, and the future of positive, liberating change in our society will depend on how successful our actions are today.
We believe that the functions that prisons perform do not lead to a healthier and safer society. On the contrary, prisons serve the state as a manufacturing industry at the expense of basically unpaid prison labor, and deepen divisions in society without providing good tools for resolving conflicts and existing problems.
We differ from liberal prison reformers and groups like Amnesty International in two main points: first, we believe in abolishing both the prison system and the change in society that relies on prison, and we act with this in mind; second, we support resistance that seeks to achieve a stateless and classless society. Groups like Amnesty International refuse to support anyone accused of so-called violent acts, thereby insinuating that anyone who resists oppression and takes up arms in self-defense or during a revolutionary uprising does not deserve support. Our message is exactly the opposite — such ways of resistance do deserve support.
We would like to see post-Soviet societies more free, and able to find alternative and effective ways to deal with so-called anti-social crime. However, a decrease in antisocial crime can only occur (and therefore abolition of prisons may be a realistic option) if there are radical changes in our economic, social, and political systems. These conditions underlie both antisocial crime and the reasons for the existence of the prison system. Our main goal is to support these fundamental changes. In addition to building the grassroots movements necessary to bring about these changes in society, we must also be able to defend them.
Most ABC groups around the world decide on their own on a case-by-case basis what prisoners to support and what work to do, based on the local context of the different groups. These groups prioritize political prisoners because it is consistent with our commitment to building resistance. Although imprisonment itself is «political,» such prisoners are incarcerated precisely for their beliefs or actions. Still, the division between «political» and «social» prisoners is contradictory — social causes and effects in society are inherently political, and directly related to politics in society.
Our group, along with other organizations and movements, has been involved in countering repression and helping anarchists and anti-fascists since the spring of 2010. Beginning in May 2010 we organized support for Alexei Malinin, a social activist, against whom operatives from the political police opened criminal cases one after another under far-fetched pretexts. In the end, after a trial that dragged on for over six months, Alexei was finally given a suspended sentence for self-defense against the Nazi , known for his participation in the Angarsk environmentalist camp attack and numerous other episodes of racially motivated violence.
In June 2010 the ABC held a concert in support of the family of the Ryazan antifascist and artist Kostya Lunkin, murdered by neo-Nazis. Half of the collected money were sent to his relatives.
In 2010-2011 we periodically held actions of solidarity with activists from different cities and regions — Izhevsk, Moscow (as part of the federal action in support of «Khimki prisoners»), Tyumen, Barnaul, Minsk. The modest sums we managed to collect from time to time went to where we thought they were needed most.
In 2014, we helped raise the 80,000 rubles needed to pay the fines to which two Irkutsk anarchists were fined for anti-fascist and anti-war actions.
In 2017, we focused our efforts on helping the anarchists, social activists, and their relatives who were the target of the April 2017 crackdown in Irkutsk, known as the «insult to the religious feelings.» In fact, the repression was preventive in nature and aimed at undermining the political protest activities of the Council of Dissent, a civil self-organized platform that existed in Irkutsk at the time.
Today, the activities of the ABC remain relevant and necessary. Post-Soviet countries have been shaken by popular uprisings that have revived hope for political and social transformation, such as the uprisings in Belarus in 2020 and in Kazakhstan in 2022. Putin’s regime has acted as a guarantor of dictatorships in both countries, and is strengthening the authoritarian regime in Russia itself. After the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian army, the Russian regime has carried out a harsh crackdown against all those who disagree with militarism and war. In the current situation, we believe that the ABC can actively support people organizing against the regime and bring an anarchist agenda in defense before the state’s attack on a disgruntled population.
The ABC Irkutsk group sees the following as its main activities:
- Raising funds to provide needed assistance to our comrades, as well as those who have suffered because of their position against the Russian state
- Giving material and moral support to imprisoned anarchists and anarchists, and to others who need our help — sending packages and parcels, correspondence, help to those who’ve already served time, help activists pay fine
- Conducting training sessions and seminars aimed at preparing participants in the anarchist movement to face the law (arrest, interrogation, etc.), as well as at increasing the level of information security in the protest movement and its resistance to repression
- Organizing solidarity actions
- Material support for the anarchist movement
The solidarity we talk so much about here is not only needed by «them,» those who have already been snatched away by the «long arm of the law» for believing in a freer society. We ourselves need this solidarity, for it is our main weapon in achieving our dreams of such a society. States and police want to perpetuate prisons, but even more so they are perpetuated by our indifference, our fear. Let us defeat them in ourselves, in our movement, so that tomorrow we can defeat them everywhere.